A loud noise. A certain place. A familiar smell.

Sometimes, all it takes is a moment, which can be something small and unexpected. A memory can be brought that you weren’t prepared to revisit.

For most people, those moments pass. But for others, those memories linger. They interrupt daily life, impact relationships, and make it harder to feel safe, even long after the event itself.

That’s the reality for many people living with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

What Is PTSD?

PTSD is a mental health condition that can develop after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event.

While it’s often associated with military service, PTSD can affect anyone after events such as:

• Accidents or injuries
• Natural disasters
• Violence or abuse
• Serious illness
• Loss of a loved one

PTSD doesn’t always appear right away. In some cases, symptoms can develop months or even years after the trauma and may interfere with everyday life, as noted by the National Institute of Mental Health.

How Common Is PTSD?

PTSD is more common than many people realize.

• About 7 to 8 percent of people in the United States will experience PTSD at some point in their lives.
• Millions of adults are living with PTSD each year.

According to the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for PTSD, the condition affects a wide range of people and not just veterans.

PTSD is also seen among:

• First responders
• Caregivers
• Survivors of trauma in many forms

What Are the Symptoms of PTSD?

Symptoms of PTSD generally fall into four main categories: re-experiencing the trauma, avoidance, mood changes, and heightened reactions.

Re-experiencing the Trauma

• Flashbacks
• Nightmares
• Intrusive thoughts or memories

Avoidance

• Avoiding places, people, or activities that trigger memories
• Withdrawing from relationships or routines

Changes in Mood and Thinking

• Feelings of guilt, shame, or fear
• Difficulty concentrating
• Loss of interest in activities

Heightened Reactions

• Being easily startled
• Feeling constantly on edge
• Trouble sleeping or relaxing

The American Psychiatric Association notes that these symptoms can range from mild to severe and may significantly impact daily functioning.

Can PTSD Develop Later?

Yes. PTSD symptoms can emerge long after a traumatic event, sometimes months or even years later.

PTSD develops differently for each person. Factors that may influence risk include:

• Intensity or duration of the trauma
• Personal or family history of mental health conditions
• Lack of support after the event
• Ongoing stress or health challenges

Research shows that trauma-related conditions often result from a combination of factors rather than a single cause. The important thing to remember is that
experiencing PTSD is not a sign of weakness. It’s a response to trauma.

How Is PTSD Treated?

PTSD can be effectively managed with the right combination of treatment, support, and coping strategies.

Treatment is focused on helping individuals:

• Reduce symptoms
• Develop coping strategies
• Restore a sense of control and well-being

According to the National Center for PTSD, evidence-based treatments can significantly improve outcomes.

Common approaches may include:

Therapy: Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) helps individuals process trauma and reframe negative thought patterns.

Medication: In some cases, medication may help manage symptoms like anxiety, depression, or sleep disturbances.

Support Systems: Support from healthcare providers, family members, and peer groups plays an important role in recovery.

What Can Help Reduce the Impact of PTSD?

Healthy habits and early support can make a meaningful difference in managing symptoms.

Steps that can help include:

• Staying physically active
• Maintaining regular routines
• Talking with trusted individuals
• Seeking professional care when needed

Why Does PTSD Awareness Matter?

Trauma doesn’t always look the way we expect. It’s not always visible. It’s not always immediate. And it’s not always discussed openly.

But increasing awareness helps:

• Reduce stigma around mental health
• Encourage people to seek help sooner
• Create stronger support systems for individuals and families

You Don’t Have to Navigate It Alone

Living with PTSD, or supporting someone who is, can feel overwhelming at times.

But help is available.

Early recognition, open conversations, and access to care can make a meaningful difference in managing symptoms and improving quality of life.

If you or someone you know is in immediate distress, confidential help is available through the 988 Lifeline Organization.

Have questions or want more information?

If you’d like to learn more or have general questions about Medicare, you can call SECUR Health Plan at 1.833.76SECUR (1.833.767.3287). TTY callers can use 711. Our team is ready to answer your questions and support your health journey.